4/16/2024 0 Comments Normal femail hip xray![]() ![]() The broad ligament, a folded sheet of peritoneum covering the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries, divides the pelvic cavity to create the vesicouterine fossa (anterior to the uterus) and the rectouterine fossa (posterior to the uterus). Later in life, the round ligament provides a pull of the bladder in an anterior direction above the uterus. 8, 9 During development of a female fetus, the round ligament guides the ovaries into their correct location. 8, 9 The round and broad ligaments provide minimal support to the uterus. 9 The broad ligament is a folding of the peritoneum that covers the round ligaments. ![]() The round ligaments extend laterally, pass the external iliac vessels, run into the internal inguinal ring, and finally extend into the labia majora. 9 The round ligaments are fibrous and muscular, located on the uterus just anterior to the fallopian tubes. The uterus projects several ligamentous structures ( Fig. The ovaries lie in the peritoneum in the ovarian fossa positioned closely to the iliac vessels and ureters. 9 The distal portion of the fallopian tube is the infundibulum, with finger-like projections extending freely from this end of the tube. 8 The fallopian tubes are bilateral structures, usually less than 1 cm thick, that extend 10 to 14 cm in length from the superior-lateral portion of the uterus. 9 The cervix and upper vagina lie suspended over the pelvic diaphragm muscles at the level of the ischial spines and fifth sacral vertebra (S5). The cervix is dense and fibromuscular, and it separates the uterus from and extends into the vagina. ![]() After menopause, the uterus atrophies and becomes smaller than in the woman of childbearing age. At term, a pregnant uterus increases to 20 times its usual size and weight ( Fig. Most commonly, the uterus is anteverted (meaning the cervix angles forward) and anteflexed (the body of the uterus flexes forward) in relation to the vagina and cervix, a position that leads the uterus to rest just above the bladder. The three segments of the uterus are the fundus (superior portion), lower segment, and cervix. 9 These organs lie centrally between the bladder and rectosigmoid colon. The gynecologic viscera include the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The ureters then enter the bladder’s trigone region (the triangular portion of the bladder base). The ureters, beginning at the renal calyxes, lie on the anterior side of the psoas muscle just lateral to the ovarian vessels and vena cava, cross the pelvic brim over the common iliac arteries, and run into the pelvis along the lateral pelvic sidewall. The urachus runs from the bladder to the umbilicus. Fibrous ligaments connect the bladder anteriorly to the pubic symphysis. 9 The bladder is located anterior to the uterus, just superior and posterior to the pubic bone and symphysis. The urologic viscera include the bladder, inferior portions of the ureters, and urethra. ![]()
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